What is the difference between the fiber-to-the-node (FTTN) and fiber-to-the-curb (FTTC) topologies?

In fiber-to-the-curb (FTTC) topology, the fiber optic line runs closer to the end user compared to fiber-to-the-node (FTTN), which results in a more efficient signal transmission. Since FTTC typically brings the fiber closer to customer premises, it allows for the implementation of fewer RF amplifiers between the optical fiber and the end user. This proximity can significantly enhance signal quality and reduce the potential for signal degradation, leading to improved overall performance and customer experience.

The design intent behind FTTC is to maintain high bandwidth and lower latency by minimizing the length of the copper lines that are ultimately used for the last connection to customers. In contrast, FTTN connects the fiber to a node that may serve multiple residences, often requiring more extensive use of copper and consequently more RF amplification to ensure sufficient signal strength reaches homes, which can introduce complexity and potential quality issues that FTTC helps alleviate.