What happens if the optical signal exceeds the maximum specified input power into a photodetector?

When the optical signal exceeds the maximum specified input power for a photodetector, the device can enter a state of nonlinear operation. This means that rather than responding proportionally to changes in the input signal, the detector may produce a distorted output. Nonlinear operation can degrade the quality of the signal, leading to inaccuracies in the received data and possible errors during interpretation. As a result, the integrity of the data transmitted can be compromised, which is particularly critical in high-speed or high-accuracy applications.

In contrast, other options suggest outcomes that would not occur when the input power exceeds the specified maximum. For instance, better signal clarity and increased efficiency imply that the signal quality or detection ability improves, which contradicts the effects of nonlinear responses. Improved power efficiency also would not be a valid outcome, as exceeding the maximum power typically results in decreased efficiency and can cause operational issues. Thus, the correct understanding of the photodetector's response under excessive input power is crucial for maintaining signal integrity and system reliability.